Диагностика шины KNX: мониторинг, трассировка телеграмм и поиск неисправностей

Где измерять напряжение на шине

Measurement point: KNX bus terminal block in the panel
  → Between KNX bus + (red) and KNX bus − (black) terminals
  → At the patch point closest to the power supply
  → Then at the furthest device on the line (check voltage drop)

Tool: Digital multimeter, DC voltage range 50V or 100V
  → Acceptable voltage drop along the cable: max 2V
  → If drop > 2V: cable too long, too thin, or too many joints

Never measure bus voltage with the bus carrying live telegrams
using an analogue meter — the signal will deflect the needle
and give a false low reading. Use a true-RMS digital meter.

ETS6 Bus Monitor — чтение телеграммы

Telegram field structure:
  Time      Source PA   Dest GA     APDU     DPT value   Flags
  ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
  12:04:01  1.1.5       1/1/1       Write    1 (On)      C W -
  12:04:01  1.1.10      1/1/1       Write    1 (On)      C - T   ← actuator confirms
  12:04:03  1.1.5       1/1/2       Read     ?           C - R   ← polling status
  12:04:03  1.1.10      1/1/2       Response 1 (On)      C - T

Key fields:
  Source PA   → Individual address of the sending device
  Dest GA     → Group address the telegram is directed to
  APDU type   → Write (command), Read (poll), Response (reply to poll)
  DPT value   → Decoded data value — verify against expected DPT
  Flags       → C = Communication; W = Write; R = Read; T = Transmit

Repeat telegrams — warning sign:
  If same telegram appears 3 times in sequence → device did not
  acknowledge → possible bus collision or device unresponsive
  → Check individual address, re-download application

Синтаксис фильтра Group Monitor в ETS6

Filter by group address (Group Monitor filter bar):
  1/*         → All telegrams to Main group 1
  1/1/*       → All telegrams to Main 1, Middle 1
  1/1/1       → Exactly group address 1/1/1

Filter by source individual address:
  src:1.1.5   → Only telegrams sent from device 1.1.5
  src:1.1.*   → All devices on line 1.1

Combined filter:
  src:1.1.5 1/1/*   → Telegrams from push button 1.1.5 to lighting GAs

Filter by DPT:
  dpt:1.001   → Only boolean switch telegrams (on/off)
  dpt:9.*     → All 2-byte float telegrams (temperature, etc.)

Exclude heartbeat spam:
  !src:0.0.1  → Exclude telegrams from NTP time source